Research project: Mechanical Muscle Activity with Real-time Kinematics (M-MARK): A novel combination of existing technologies to improve arm recovery following stroke
The M-MARK system will help stroke patients regain arm function by supporting independent home-exercise and allowing patients to have the recommended 45 minutes of daily therapy more flexibly. Therapists prescribe a set of real-world exercises which encompass appropriate physiotherapy movements for the patient, such as opening a jar, pouring a drink and wiping a table with a cloth. Exercise data is collected using mechanomyography (MMG) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to provide feedback to patients and therapists via a computer tablet. MMG sensors are similar to a microphone, and detect vibrations when muscles are active. IMU sensors are similar to those found in a mobile phone and detect motion. In combination they can be used to describe the amount and quality of movement. Patients are provided with immediate feedback during the exercise programme with corrective voice and text guidance in addition to a visual representation of their movements using an on-screen avatar (an anatomically-correct animation) which supports self-correction. Both patients and therapists can review previous exercise data. Therapists can access more detailed information which supports clinical decision-making and monitoring progress, making therapy more efficient and effective. Patients and therapists told us this is what is needed. This low-cost wearable device will provide guidance and feedback automatically. Intensive practice leads to better recovery, but re-learning to move more normally is also important and is traditionally guided by therapists, which is expensive.