Researchers from three different faculties at our University have developed a new way of analysing X-ray images of lungs, which could provide a breakthrough in the diagnosis and assessment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and other lung diseases.
COPD is a complex lung condition that involves the airways (bronchi) and the lung tissue (alveoli), which results in a progressive loss of lung function. It affects more than 200 million people and is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide.
The multi-disciplinary team of mathematicians, clinicians, and image specialists devised a method for translating the three-dimensional structure of lungs into numbers (creating a numerical description). This was achieved through the application of topology, a form of mathematics specifically designed for the study of complex shapes.
Using this description, the researchers calculated the numerical characteristics of the lungs of four different patient groups: healthy non-smokers, healthy smokers, patients with mild COPD and patients with moderate COPD.
Their novel method was able to accurately distinguish between the different groups of patients, identifying the characteristics of their lung function and the different stages of their condition. Importantly, it was able to identify characteristics not detectable by the naked eye.
Lead researcher and Professor in Mathematics, Jacek Brodzki, said:
“Our study shows that this new method, employing topological data analysis, can complement and expand on established techniques to give a valuable, accurate range of information about the lung function of individuals. Further research is needed, but this could eventually aid decisions about the treatment of patients with serious, or potentially serious, lung conditions.”
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